The
Value of Information in Organisations: A Study of Information Use
Situations as Contexts of Value
Abstract:
The notion that the value of information is significantly dependent
on the context of use is widely accepted in information systems research.
Context is however often conceived as given and exogenous to the use
activity and hence beyond the control of the user. This study takes
a dynamic and holistic view of context in which the purposes, processes
and effects of information use are seen as inextricable from the structural
and environmental factors that mediate such use in organisations.
The
concept of Information Use Situation (IUS) is employed to represent
this view of context. An IUS framework is developed and used as
a guide to explore, describe, and interpret a number of information
use situations in four organisations in the service sector. The
study draws on several context studies in information systems, work
motivation and self-interest theories in social psychology, and
a number of philosophical propositions on the nature of information
and value, in highlighting the key features of the situations studied.
The findings suggest that, in general, information use situations
affect the value-in-use of information in at least three ways, by
acting as filters, as mediators of use behaviour and as frames of
reference for evaluating informational activities. The main contribution
of this thesis to information systems research is in proposing and
exploring the concept of information use situation as a more holistic
view of context when studying the value of information in organisation.
The thesis concludes that organisations need to recognise the diversity
of information use situations they feature and to appreciate that
the value of information depends significantly on the nature of
the situation in which it is used. This requires managers to pay
as much attention to the processes by which employees experience
and appropriate information as to the quality of the formal information
used if they are to realise the optimum value of their information
resources.